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Urine Oxalate

From 10/5/2018 refernce ranges will be:

100 - 460 umol/24 hour (adults, correct to 1.73m²for children)

Age related ref ranges for oxalate:creatinine ratio:

0-6 months <291µmol/mmol

7-23 months <220µmol/mmol

2-4 years <143µmol/mmol

5-11 years <76µmol/mmol

12 -17 years <44µmol/mmol

18+ female <45µmol/mmol

18+ male <33µmol/mmol

Referred Work Biochemistry

Urine pH

No reference range is reported for urine pH as measurement can be affected several different factors.

General diet and recent food consumption can cause changes to urine pH. Presence of glucose in the urine (glycosuria) can increase the acidity of urine due to metabolism by microorganisms. Urinary tract infection can cause urine to become either more acidic or alkaline, depending on the type of bacteria present.

Biochemistry

Urine Protein:Creatinine ratio (Random urine)

<15 mg/mmol Creatinine = Normal
15 – 49 mg/mmol Creatinine = Trace Proteinuria. Consider ACEI or ARB in diabetes.
50 – 99 mg/mmol Creatinine = Significant proteinuria. Repeat using early am sample. Consider ACEI or ARB in hypertension.
100 – 300 mg/mmol Creatinine = High proteinuria. If new finding, seek nephrology advice regardless of eGFR.
>300 mg/mmol Creatinine = “Nephrotic range” proteinuria. If new finding, seek nephrology advice regardless of eGFR.

Proteinuria is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and for decline in GFR in CKD

UK CKD Guidelines suggest if PCR is >100 mg/mmol patient should be referred to Nephrologists irrespective of GFR.

Source of Reference Range: NICE guideline CG73 (2008) and UK eCKD guidelines 2009.)

Biochemistry

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:ACR/ http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12069/42117/42117.pdf http://www.renal.org/information-resources#sthash.FvEFhUZh.dpbs

Urine PYD and DPD (bone marker/bone markers)

Reference ranges provided by referral laboratory (July 2014). All ranges expressed as nmol/mmol creatinine.

	Males		Females
	PYD/Cre	DPD/Cre	PYD/Cre	DPD/Cre
4-5 yrs	58.7-85.0	17.4-24.3	63.7-85.1	17.2-25.1
5-6 yrs	54.7-83.0	15.9-22.5	55.7-82.9	14.8-22.1
6-7 yrs	53.0-76.7	14.8-22.3	57.6-77.5	13.8-21.2
7-8 yrs	51.6-72.2	14.6-22.1	55.3-75.1	15.2-21.0
8-9 yrs	46.1-63.4	12.0-16.1	49.9-66.9	12.6-18.4
9-10yrs	49.5-67.3	12.3-16.3	58.5-79.4	15.7-22.4
10-11 yrs	45.7-67.4	12.6-18.8	47.3-71.5	13.2-18.9
11-12 yrs	45.5-66.3	12.4-18.6	50.6-88.8	14.9-25.3
12-13 yrs	43.6-56.6	11.7-17.4	46.3-73.6	13.1-22.1
13-14 yrs	42.6-84.5	11.2-23.9	44.1-65.3	11.9-18.2
14-15 yrs	40.7-89.3	10.9-25.6	35.3-52.5	8.7-17.6
15-16 yrs	35.4-84.3	9.8-22.2	26.5-48.8	5.1-14.9
16-17 yrs	28.8-68.3	7.1-18.7	19.6-37.1	3.0-9.4
Adult	5.0-21.8	0.4-6.4	pre-menopause 20-39yrs: 7.8-20.4	1.8-6.4
			pre-menopause >40 yrs: 8.1-21.2	2.1-6.7
			post-menopause: 7.1-31.8	1.5-8.6

Referred Work Biochemistry

Urine PYD and DPD (bone marker/bone markers)

Reference ranges provided by referral laboratory (July 2014). All ranges expressed as nmol/mmol creatinine.

	Males		Females
	PYD/Cre	DPD/Cre	PYD/Cre	DPD/Cre
4-5 yrs	58.7-85.0	17.4-24.3	63.7-85.1	17.2-25.1
5-6 yrs	54.7-83.0	15.9-22.5	55.7-82.9	14.8-22.1
6-7 yrs	53.0-76.7	14.8-22.3	57.6-77.5	13.8-21.2
7-8 yrs	51.6-72.2	14.6-22.1	55.3-75.1	15.2-21.0
8-9 yrs	46.1-63.4	12.0-16.1	49.9-66.9	12.6-18.4
9-10yrs	49.5-67.3	12.3-16.3	58.5-79.4	15.7-22.4
10-11 yrs	45.7-67.4	12.6-18.8	47.3-71.5	13.2-18.9
11-12 yrs	45.5-66.3	12.4-18.6	50.6-88.8	14.9-25.3
12-13 yrs	43.6-56.6	11.7-17.4	46.3-73.6	13.1-22.1
13-14 yrs	42.6-84.5	11.2-23.9	44.1-65.3	11.9-18.2
14-15 yrs	40.7-89.3	10.9-25.6	35.3-52.5	8.7-17.6
15-16 yrs	35.4-84.3	9.8-22.2	26.5-48.8	5.1-14.9
16-17 yrs	28.8-68.3	7.1-18.7	19.6-37.1	3.0-9.4
Adult	5.0-21.8	0.4-6.4	pre-menopause 20-39yrs: 7.8-20.4	1.8-6.4
			pre-menopause >40 yrs: 8.1-21.2	2.1-6.7
			post-menopause: 7.1-31.8	1.5-8.6

Referred Work Biochemistry

Urine Steroid Profile

Provided by Reference Laboratory

Referred Work Biochemistry

http://www.sas-centre.org/assays/hormones/steroidprofile.html

Urine Uric Acid (Urate)

1.5-4.5 mmol/24 hours

Source : Pathology Harmony Recommendations

Biochemistry

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Urate/

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